Flax Fabric Knowledge Training Material

I. Basic Knowledge of Flax

1. Fiber Introduction

2. Characteristics of Flax Textiles

2.1 Coolness

• Flax is a good conductor of heat; wearing linen underwear can reduce body surface temperature by 4°C.
• Excellent moisture absorption and desorption.
• Good air permeability.
• Does not stick to the skin easily.

2.2 Cleanliness

• Pectin gradually washes away with laundering.
• Linen textiles are widely used for staff uniforms in top-class hotels abroad.

2.3 Durability

• Tensile strength is 1.6 times that of cotton.

2.4 Crispness

• Linen garments have distinct lines, offering a solemn and elegant appearance.

3. Applications of Flax Textiles

II. Flax Spinning Equipment & Process

1. Classification of Flax Spinning

1.1 Flax Blended Spinning

1.2 Pure Flax Spinning Equipment & Process

1.2.1

1.2.2 Wet Spinning Process

• Long flax spinning:

  Combed long flax → Humidifying & conditioning → Blending → Manual roving → Grouping → Pre-drawing → 1–4 drawing passages → Long flax roving → Roving bleaching (sodium chlorite, hydrogen peroxide) → Wet spinning → Drying → Yarn sorting → Winding → Warehousing
• Short flax spinning:

  Combed short flax → Blending → Mixing & humidifying → Carding → Gill drawing (3–4 passages) → Combing → Gill drawing → Short flax roving → Roving bleaching → Wet spinning → Drying → Yarn sorting → Winding → Warehousing

1.2.3 Equipment

 

Figure 1: Dressed flax

 

Figure 2: Long flax

 

Figure 3: Hackled short flax

 

Figure 4: Drawing

 

Figure 5: Roving scouring & bleaching

 

Figure 6: Wet spinning

 

Figure 7: Yarn drying

 

Figure 8: Winding

III. Flax Weaving Equipment & Process

IV. Main Defects of Flax Fabrics

• Horizontal bars
• Reed marks
• Poor mending
• Floats
• Holes
• Broken selvedge
• Weft shrinkage
• Warp breakage
• Weft breakage
• Oil stains

V. Other Technical Specifications of Flax Fabric

Elongation of Dyed Fabric

• High elongation: 11%–12%
• Low elongation: 3%–5%