Visual and Hand Feel Method, Chemical Dissolution Method, Microscopic Observation Method, Dye Staining Method, Burning Method, etc.

If the fabric to be identified has a selvage, the yarn direction parallel to the selvage is the warp direction, and the other is the weft direction.

The sized yarn direction is warp, and the unsized one is weft.

Generally, the direction with higher fabric density is warp, and the lower density is weft.

For fabrics with obvious reed marks, the direction of reed marks is warp.

For spun yarn fabrics, the folded yarn direction is usually warp, and the single yarn direction is weft.

If the twist direction of single-yarn fabric varies, Z-twist is warp and S-twist is weft.

When the yarn count, twist direction and twist level of warp and weft are similar, the direction with more even yarn appearance and better luster is warp.

When the twist level differs, the direction with higher twist is mostly warp, and lower twist is weft.

For towel fabrics, the yarn direction forming loops is warp, and the non-loop direction is weft.

For striped fabrics, the stripe direction is usually warp.

If one yarn system of the fabric has multiple different counts, this direction is warp.

For leno fabrics, the twisted yarn direction is warp, and the non-twisted direction is weft.

In blended or interwoven fabrics with different fibers:

As fabrics have a wide range of applications and varieties with diverse requirements for raw materials and structure, judgment should be made according to the specific conditions of the fabric.

 

Generally, the pattern and color of the right side are clearer and more attractive than the wrong side.

For striped, checked and patterned fabrics, the right side has distinct and pleasing patterns.

For raised or structured fabrics, the right side is compact and fine with prominent stripes or patterns, while the wrong side is coarser with longer float yarns.

For napped fabrics:

The side with a cleaner, neater selvage is the right side.

For double or multi-layer fabrics, if warp and weft densities differ, the right side usually has higher density or better raw materials.

For leno fabrics: the side with clear texture and prominent twisted warp is right side.

For towel fabrics: the side with higher loop density is right side.

For printed fabrics: the side with clear patterns and brighter colors is right side.

For full-width fabrics (except export products): the side with labels (trademarks) or inspection stamps is usually the wrong side.

Most fabrics have obvious differences between right and wrong sides, but some are very similar and can be used on both sides, so distinguishing sides is not mandatory for such fabrics.